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Natural stones are often an indispensable part in landscape design. Depending on the specific features of the site and the style of landscape design, with the help of natural stones can be beautifully decorated flower beds, rock gardens, rockeries, ponds, gazebos, arches, fences, fences, paths, Seating areas, barbecue, patio and more.
For landscape design suitable for almost all types of natural stone: granite, marble, gneiss, basalt, Sandstone, slate, limestone, tuff, porphyry. Very interesting will look large boulders, small sea or river pebbles, rubble.
Natural stones not only decorate the landscape, but also are able to perform important functions: to zone areas, hide design flaws, fill empty spaces, mulch (protect and improve) the soil.
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Natural stones are widely used in the interior of modern premises, because they not only look beautiful and noble, but also are durable and environmentally friendly material.
The most common type of natural stone used in the interior of houses and apartments is granite. Granite is widely used in the decoration of floors, stairs, bathrooms, fireplaces; it is made of countertops and window sills. The color palette of granite is very diverse; in addition to the motley pink-red-gray, it is also milky white and black.
Another popular natural stone for interior decoration is marble. Marble is used to create mosaic compositions, for facing fireplaces and fountains; it is also made of countertops, floors, vases, columns and balusters. Marble is often white and grayish colors, but depending on the impurities can be colored.
In addition to the most popular granite and marble, the interior also uses natural stones such as onyx, slate, gabbro, labradorite, travertine, Sandstone, etc.
Natural stones bring with them a particle of nature and make the house more cozy. And the right choice of natural stone for the interior depends on the purpose of the room, physical and mechanical properties of the stone, its pattern and texture.
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In construction, natural stone is distinguished into piece and crushed.
Piece stone is the most rare and valuable species-by sawing it is given the correct geometric shape. Piece natural stone (granite, diabase, etc.) is used in construction for decoration of parts of buildings and structures; for the manufacture of monuments and memorials; to give decorative road surfaces of streets and squares.
Crushed stone is less expensive and scarce than piece, and is used in construction more often. It is used as a well-known road rubble, as well as an inert aggregate of concrete.
We should also highlight the natural stone (Sandstone, slate, zlatolit) who also finds wide application in construction. Natural facing stone is used for decoration of facades of houses, interior decoration, decoration of parks and squares, bridges and embankments, etc.
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To machines and equipment for stone processing high demands: they must have high accuracy and performance.
Currently, there are many machines and equipment for processing natural stone.
For example, for cutting stone slabs is most often used lapidary machines; to split rocks and receiving bars of the desired size, - splitting machines; for grinding stone and obtain rubble-stone crushing, production of paving blocks or paving slabs, and stamping press; for final processing of stone products, grinding machines; to create the stone decorative elements and engraving machines. There are also profiling machines designed to pump the profile on the blank stone; multifunctional machines focused on the production of a wide range of products made of natural stone, from countertops to Souvenirs.
Equipment for stone widely presented special nozzles, brushes, disks, tickertape, face plates, rollers, etc.
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Methods of processing natural stone
Methods of processing of natural stone today a lot: sawing, grinding, polishing, polishing, chipping, heat treatment, buchardirovanie, brushing, tumbling, splitting, etching, hydrophobization, fluating, sandblasting and water blasting. Consider as briefly as possible each of the methods of processing natural stone.
Sawing-sawing stone, after which its surface acquires a slight uneven roughness.
Grinding-leveling the surface of the stone with abrasives to achieve a smooth but rough surface.
Polishing-smooth grinding, - smoothing the surface of the stone (but without Shine) by means of fine grinding with micro-powder spraying.
Polishing-the maximum smoothing of the surface of the stone to a mirror Shine with the effect of reflection.
Cleavage-giving the stone a natural texture of "rock" (with bumps, hollows, bulges, etc.).
Heat treatment-treatment of natural stone flame high temperature (2500ºC) to obtain the effect of grain.
Buchardirovannuju – stone processing machines with nozzles (Bouchard) for imparting a uniformly roughened surface.
Brushing-treatment of stone with special brushes to give a rough surface or the effect of aging.
Tumbling-processing of stone in tumbling machines with abrasive to achieve the effect of smooth sea pebbles.
Splitting-separation of natural fibers from the bulk of the rock thinner slab-like piece (flagstone) to obtain a layered structure.
Etching-surface treatment of stone chemicals to give roughness and the effect of ennobling.
Hydrophobization-impregnation of the stone with special compositions to obtain a moisture-proof surface.
Fluoridation-treatment of stone with fluoride compounds to increase strength and frost resistance.
Sandblasting and waterblasting-spraying sand on the surface of the stone with a stream of air or water to purify and roughen.
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Methods of extraction of natural stone
Currently, there are three main methods of extraction of natural stone.
The first method is blasting. When using this method, holes are drilled in the rock, where charges with explosives are laid and then explode. This method is the cheapest and available, but has a disadvantage, which consists in the appearance of microcracks in the structure of the stone, resulting in the rock crumbles, its overall quality deteriorates significantly.
The second method of extraction of natural stone is called "air cushion". It consists in the fact that holes are made in the rock, where a reservoir is placed, which is filled with air under high pressure, as a result of which cracks appear and the rock is fractured. In this method, it is possible to avoid microcracks and crumbling of the stone, thereby increasing the total amount of extracted raw materials.
The third method of extraction of natural stone is carried out by means of a stone cutter. This is the most expensive, but also the most effective way, when high-tech machines with special saws cut the rock into smooth blocks, without damaging the structure of the stone and preserving its natural qualities.
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Scientific conference " Improvement of technologies of extraction and processing of construction and rocks"
On 22 and 23 November last year in the city of Petrozavodsk in the Complex "Fregat" located at: Karl Marx Avenue, And 1 held XV anniversary international specialized exhibition "Karelian Stone. Roads of Karelia-2018", about which two publications have already been posted on our blog:
The exhibition "Karelian stone Roads of Karelia-2018" opened in Petrozavodsk
Participants of the exhibition "Karelian stone of the Karelian Road-2018" in Petrozavodsk, part one
Today we place the third report from the capital of Karelia, which will introduce you to the business part of the event organized by the exhibition Agency "Euroforum" with the support of the Ministry of natural resources and ecology of the Republic of Karelia and The Association of miners of Karelia. These specialized agencies systematically provide full assistance to the organizers of the exhibition, which demonstrates the high importance of this event for the region.
For 15 years, the exhibition has become the most important forum for the mining industry in the region, as the mining industry is the locomotive among other developing sectors of the economy in this region of Russia.
Minister of economic development and industry Pavel Burenkov spoke at the Republican meeting on the development of the mining complex of Karelia. In his report, he spoke about the work to create favorable conditions for investors, which is conducted by the Government of the Republic of Karelia, Executive authorities and local governments, and invited potential investors to cooperate. In addition, the issues of the situation in the sphere of subsoil use, measures of state support and development of the raw material base and the problems of export of construction non-metallic materials were discussed.
On the second day of the exhibition, the First meeting Of the discussion club of miners was held. as a result, the action plan of the Mining Council of NP "Association of miners of Karelia" for 2019 will be developed, taking into account the involvement of resources of public business associations, representatives of legislative and Executive authorities interested in the development of the economy of the regions. This report will be useful for viewing for those who are engaged in stone mining, in stone processing, who are constantly in contact with the authorities and closely monitors changes in legislation in the field of mineral development.
We also publish a List of exhibitions on stone processing for 2019, which will help our readers to rationally distribute the time of their visit in the coming year.
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